a punjabi kafi · english translation

Kihde Paase Jaiye Sajjnawhich way do we turn now, beloved?

✦

सानूं सारियां विसर गईयां राहवां वे
किहड़े पासे जाईए सज्जणा

Every road I knew has gone clean out of my mind. Which way do we turn now, beloved?

✦

Satinder Sartaaj · words and voice
live in Ahmedabad · the full performance, 9:40
the long form of the kafi — six movements and a closing sher

the song in sequence · for singing

Cue times are from the Ahmedabad recording.

स्थायी0:05

  1. सानूं सारियां विसर गईयां राहवां वे
  2. किहड़े पासे जाईए सज्जणा
  3. किंवें रुस्सी तक़दीर नूं मनावां वे 0:26
  4. किद्दां समझाईए सज्जणा

अंतरा १1:13

  1. आपणा ही देस जिवें होइया परदेस वे
  2. अम्बरां ने पा लए शामीं काले-काले वेस वे
  3. साडे नाल ख़फ़ा हो गईयां हवावां वे 2:00
  4. सद्दे किहनूं लाईए सज्जणा

अंतरा २2:16

  1. सीनियां 'चों उठदी ए दरदां दी चीस वे
  2. सानूं इह प्यार किहड़ी दे गया असीस वे 2:56
  3. एहो दिल दे वैराग हौके-हावां वे 3:17
  4. किस नूं सुणाईए सज्जणा

अंतरा ३3:35

  1. सानूं तां उदासी दीयां पै गईयां आदतां
  2. ग़मां नाल बैठ रोज़ करीए इबादतां 3:58
  3. साथों मोड़ लिया मुख हासे-चावां वे 4:26
  4. कीकण मनाईए सज्जणा

अंतरा ४4:43

  1. पता ही नी साडे कोलों होए की गुनाह वे
  2. ज़िंदगी दे ख़्वाब सारे हो गए तबाह वे 5:14
  3. किहड़े जुरमां तों मिलीयां सजावां वे 5:37
  4. दोष किहनूं लाईए सज्जणा

दोहराव6:01

  1. याद बड़ा आऊंदीयां ने गल्लां ओह पुराणीयां
  2. यादां नाल औखीयां ने उमरां लंघाणीयां 6:20
  3. ओह्नां वेलियां दे बोझ नूं उठावां वे 6:41
  4. बड़ा पछताईए सज्जणा

अंतरा ५7:38

  1. रब्ब मिहरबान हो के करे करामात जे
  2. ओही सुहणे वेलियां 'ना हो 'जे मुलाक़ात जे
  3. एस ज़िंदगी तों चोरी कुच्छ साहवां वे 8:00
  4. ख़ुद लई चुराईए सज्जणा

आख़िरी शे'र8:37

  1. समझेगा शायद एस प्यार दे रिवाज नूं
  2. दस्सो कोई हाल जा के साडे सरताज नूं
  3. आह मोहब्बतां दे वास्ते मैं पावां वे 9:37
  4. ओही गीत गाईए सज्जणा

Every movement closes the same way — a statement of loss, then a question thrown at sajjna. The last word of each stanza is never an answer. It is the address itself.

punjabi → english

The verse, line by line

Each line is given three times: the Punjabi as sung, a roman transliteration, and the English. Where a free rendering pulls away from the words, the literal sense is set beside it.

॥स्थायी · the standing verse

सानूं सारियां विसर गईयां राहवां वे

saanu saariyan visar gaiyan raahvan ve

literal

All the roads have been forgotten by us.

english

Every road I knew has gone clean out of my mind.

किहड़े पासे जाईए सज्जणा

kihde paase jaiye sajjna

literal

Toward which side should we go, beloved?

english

Which way do we turn now, beloved?

किंवें रुस्सी तक़दीर नूं मनावां वे

kinven russi taqdeer nu manaavan ve

literal

How am I to appease a sulking fate?

english

How do I coax back a fate that has turned its face away?

किद्दां समझाईए सज्जणा

kiddan samjhaiye sajjna

literal

How should it be made to understand, beloved?

english

How do we make it listen, beloved?

a word on russi

Russna is what a loved one does — not an enemy. It is the sulk of someone who is still yours, who has turned their back but not left the room, and who can in principle be won over. Manauna is the answering verb: to cajole, to make up with. Sartaaj applies both to taqdeer, fate. Fate is not being fought here. It is being courted.

१अंतरा · the world turns strange

आपणा ही देस जिवें होइया परदेस वे

aapna hi des jiven hoya pardes ve

literal

My own country has become as if a foreign country.

english

My own country has turned foreign on me.

अम्बरां ने पा लए शामीं काले-काले वेस वे

ambran ne paa laye shaamin kaale-kaale ves ve

literal

The skies have put on black-black garments this evening.

english

This evening the skies have dressed themselves in black upon black.

साडे नाल ख़फ़ा हो गईयां हवावां वे

saade naal khafa ho gaiyan hawaavan ve

literal

The winds have become displeased with us.

english

Even the winds have taken offence at us.

सद्दे किहनूं लाईए सज्जणा

sadde kihnu laiye sajjna

literal

To whom should we address our calls, beloved?

english

Who is left to call out to, beloved?

a word on ves and sadde

Ves is dress, costume, the garb one puts on — so the sky is not merely dark, it has chosen mourning. The doubling kaale-kaale is Punjabi intensification: black on black, not just black. Sadda is a call or summons, the shout you send after someone; sadde launa is to send those calls out. The line asks not "who will answer" but "who is even there to shout at".

२अंतरा · the pain has no listener

सीनियां 'चों उठदी ए दरदां दी चीस वे

seeniyan chon uthdi e dardan di chees ve

literal

From within the chest rises the shriek of the pains.

english

Out of the chest rises the sharp cry of the pain.

सानूं इह प्यार किहड़ी दे गया असीस वे

saanu ih pyaar kihdi de gaya asees ve

literal

Whose blessing gave us this love and went?

english

Whose blessing was it that left this love on us and walked away?

एहो दिल दे वैराग हौके-हावां वे

eho dil de vairaag hauke-haavan ve

literal

These are the heart's desolations, its gasps and laments.

english

These are the heart's own desolations — its catching breath, its long low moans.

किस नूं सुणाईए सज्जणा

kis nu sunaaiye sajjna

literal

To whom should we recite them, beloved?

english

Who is there to hear them out, beloved?

a word on asees and vairaag

Asees is a blessing, specifically the kind an elder gives — which is what makes the line bitter rather than sweet: someone wished this love onto me and left me holding it. Vairaag has no clean English word; it is the ache of separation and the pull toward renunciation at once, the state of a heart that has come loose from the world. Hauka is the catch in the breath before a sob; haava the sound that follows it.

३अंतरा · grief becomes routine

सानूं तां उदासी दीयां पै गईयां आदतां

saanu taan udaasi diyan pai gaiyan aadtan

literal

The habits of sadness have fallen upon us.

english

Sorrow has settled into us now as plain habit.

ग़मां नाल बैठ रोज़ करीए इबादतां

ghaman naal baith roz kariye ibaadtan

literal

Sitting with the griefs, daily we perform acts of worship.

english

Every day we sit down with our griefs and make our prayers out of them.

साथों मोड़ लिया मुख हासे-चावां वे

saathon mod liya mukh haase-chaavan ve

literal

Laughter and delight have turned their face away from us.

english

Laughter and gladness have turned their faces from us.

कीकण मनाईए सज्जणा

keekan manaaiye sajjna

literal

How should we appease them, beloved?

english

How do we win them back, beloved?

a word on ibaadat — and a returning verb

Ibaadat is worship in the formal, devotional sense — the word for prayer as a daily observance, not a cry for help. Pairing it with ghaman naal baith ("sitting down with one's griefs") makes the grief itself the liturgy. Note too that manaauna returns here from the sthayi: fate was to be coaxed back, and now so are laughter and delight. Both have russ-ed. Both are being courted.

४अंतरा · sentenced without a charge

पता ही नी साडे कोलों होए की गुनाह वे

pata hi ni saade kolon hoye ki gunaah ve

literal

There is no knowing what sins were committed by us.

english

I do not even know what sin it was I committed.

ज़िंदगी दे ख़्वाब सारे हो गए तबाह वे

zindagi de khwaab saare ho gaye tabaah ve

literal

All the dreams of life have been destroyed.

english

Every dream this life had is laid waste.

किहड़े जुरमां तों मिलीयां सजावां वे

kihde jurman ton miliyan sazaavan ve

literal

From which crimes were these punishments received?

english

For which crimes were these sentences handed down?

दोष किहनूं लाईए सज्जणा

dosh kihnu laiye sajjna

literal

Upon whom should we lay the blame, beloved?

english

And who is there to lay the blame on, beloved?

a word on the courtroom

This stanza runs on legal vocabulary end to end: gunaah (sin, in the religious register), jurm (crime, in the juridical one), sazaa (sentence, the punishment awarded by a court), dosh (blame, fault, the charge itself). The complaint is not that the punishment is too harsh. It is that no charge was ever read out. Note also that laiye — "should we lay" — is the same verb that ended Antara 1, where it was calls being sent out. There, no one to call; here, no one to accuse.

॥दोहराव · the weight of what was

याद बड़ा आऊंदीयां ने गल्लां ओह पुराणीयां

yaad bada aaundiyan ne gallan oh puraaniyan

literal

Those old matters come to memory very much.

english

Those old things come back to me hard, and often.

यादां नाल औखीयां ने उमरां लंघाणीयां

yaadan naal aukhiyan ne umran langhaaniyan

literal

With memories, lifetimes are difficult to pass.

english

It is a hard thing, passing whole lifetimes on memory alone.

ओह्नां वेलियां दे बोझ नूं उठावां वे

ohnan veliyan de bojh nu uthaavan ve

literal

I lift up the burden of those times.

english

I go on carrying the weight of those days.

बड़ा पछताईए सज्जणा

bada pachhtaaiye sajjna

literal

We repent greatly, beloved.

english

And the regret runs deep, beloved.

a word on vela

Vela is a stretch of time with a character to it — a season of one's life, "those days" — not a clock reading. The plural veliyan carries affection. This is the only movement whose closing line is not a question: bada pachhtaaiye is a statement. The song stops asking here, and simply admits.

५अंतरा · the one thing asked for

रब्ब मिहरबान हो के करे करामात जे

rabb mihrbaan ho ke kare karaamaat je

literal

If God, becoming merciful, should work a miracle —

english

If only God turned merciful and worked one miracle —

ओही सुहणे वेलियां 'ना हो 'जे मुलाक़ात जे

ohi suhne veliyan naa ho je mulaaqaat je

literal

If a meeting with those same beautiful times could happen —

english

if we could be granted one meeting with those same beautiful days —

एस ज़िंदगी तों चोरी कुच्छ साहवां वे

es zindagi ton chori kuchh saahvan ve

literal

A few breaths, stolen from this life —

english

a few breaths stolen back out of this life,

ख़ुद लई चुराईए सज्जणा

khud laee churaaiye sajjna

literal

Let us steal them for our own selves, beloved.

english

let us steal them for our own selves, beloved.

a word on the ask

The whole stanza is one conditional held open across four lines — je … je …, "if … if …" — and it never resolves into a main clause. And notice how small the request has become: not the beloved back, not the years restored. A mulaaqaat, a meeting, of a few breaths' length. Stolen, at that: chori concedes that even this much is not rightfully his to ask for.

✦आख़िरी शे'र · the signature

समझेगा शायद एस प्यार दे रिवाज नूं

samjhega shaayad es pyaar de rivaaj nu

literal

Perhaps he will understand the custom of this love.

english

Perhaps he, at least, will understand what the custom of this love really is.

दस्सो कोई हाल जा के साडे सरताज नूं

dasso koi haal ja ke saade Sartaaj nu

literal

Someone go and tell the condition to our Sartaaj.

english

Someone go — tell our Sartaaj the state I am in.

आह मोहब्बतां दे वास्ते मैं पावां वे

aah mohabbatan de vaaste main paavan ve

literal

This sigh I raise for the sake of the loves —

english

This cry I raise for the sake of all loves —

ओही गीत गाईए सज्जणा

ohi geet gaaiye sajjna

literal

That very song let us sing, beloved.

english

that very song — let us sing it, beloved.

why this stanza is different

This is a maqta — the closing couplet of a ghazal, in which the poet writes his own pen-name into the verse. Sartaaj is Satinder Sartaaj's takhallus; the word itself means crown, or the one at the head. So the line works two ways at once and is meant to: go tell Sartaaj how I am, and go tell my sovereign how I am. The singer steps outside the song, names himself, and asks to be told about his own condition in the third person. Everything before this was addressed to the beloved. This is addressed to whoever is listening.

Note also the final turn. Eight lines of asking which way, who, how — and the last request is not for a road or an answer. It is ohi geet gaaiye: that very song, let us sing it again. The song is what is left.

the line the whole song hangs from

सानूं सारियां विसर गईयां राहवां वे
किहड़े पासे जाईए सज्जणा

Every road I knew has gone clean out of my mind.
Which way do we turn now, beloved?

✦

Visar jaana is not "to lose". It is for something to slip your mind of its own accord — the roads are not gone from the world, they are gone from him. And they are raahvan, plural: not one missed turning but the entire map at once.

Then the question. Jaiye is first person plural — should we go — which is strange, because he is alone; the beloved is exactly who is not there. Punjabi permits this as a formal or intimate register, but the effect in a lament is that he keeps speaking as a pair long after he has become one. And sajjna — friend, companion, the beloved — is a vocative, which means the question is not rhetorical. He is asking someone. That is the whole architecture of the song: eight movements of a man addressing a direction he cannot find, in the plural, to someone who is not answering.

the whole text at a glance

All twenty-eight lines, in order

The song entire — Punjabi as sung, roman transliteration, English. Repeats collapsed.
#PunjabiRomanEnglish
॥सानूं सारियां विसर गईयां राहवां वेsaanu saariyan visar gaiyan raahvan veEvery road I knew has gone clean out of my mind.
॥किहड़े पासे जाईए सज्जणाkihde paase jaiye sajjnaWhich way do we turn now, beloved?
॥किंवें रुस्सी तक़दीर नूं मनावां वेkinven russi taqdeer nu manaavan veHow do I coax back a fate that has turned its face away?
॥किद्दां समझाईए सज्जणाkiddan samjhaiye sajjnaHow do we make it listen, beloved?
1आपणा ही देस जिवें होइया परदेस वेaapna hi des jiven hoya pardes veMy own country has turned foreign on me.
1अम्बरां ने पा लए शामीं काले-काले वेस वेambran ne paa laye shaamin kaale-kaale ves veThis evening the skies have dressed themselves in black upon black.
1साडे नाल ख़फ़ा हो गईयां हवावां वेsaade naal khafa ho gaiyan hawaavan veEven the winds have taken offence at us.
1सद्दे किहनूं लाईए सज्जणाsadde kihnu laiye sajjnaWho is left to call out to, beloved?
2सीनियां 'चों उठदी ए दरदां दी चीस वेseeniyan chon uthdi e dardan di chees veOut of the chest rises the sharp cry of the pain.
2सानूं इह प्यार किहड़ी दे गया असीस वेsaanu ih pyaar kihdi de gaya asees veWhose blessing was it that left this love on us and walked away?
2एहो दिल दे वैराग हौके-हावां वेeho dil de vairaag hauke-haavan veThese are the heart's own desolations — its catching breath, its long low moans.
2किस नूं सुणाईए सज्जणाkis nu sunaaiye sajjnaWho is there to hear them out, beloved?
3सानूं तां उदासी दीयां पै गईयां आदतांsaanu taan udaasi diyan pai gaiyan aadtanSorrow has settled into us now as plain habit.
3ग़मां नाल बैठ रोज़ करीए इबादतांghaman naal baith roz kariye ibaadtanEvery day we sit down with our griefs and make our prayers out of them.
3साथों मोड़ लिया मुख हासे-चावां वेsaathon mod liya mukh haase-chaavan veLaughter and gladness have turned their faces from us.
3कीकण मनाईए सज्जणाkeekan manaaiye sajjnaHow do we win them back, beloved?
4पता ही नी साडे कोलों होए की गुनाह वेpata hi ni saade kolon hoye ki gunaah veI do not even know what sin it was I committed.
4ज़िंदगी दे ख़्वाब सारे हो गए तबाह वेzindagi de khwaab saare ho gaye tabaah veEvery dream this life had is laid waste.
4किहड़े जुरमां तों मिलीयां सजावां वेkihde jurman ton miliyan sazaavan veFor which crimes were these sentences handed down?
4दोष किहनूं लाईए सज्जणाdosh kihnu laiye sajjnaAnd who is there to lay the blame on, beloved?
॥याद बड़ा आऊंदीयां ने गल्लां ओह पुराणीयांyaad bada aaundiyan ne gallan oh puraaniyanThose old things come back to me hard, and often.
॥यादां नाल औखीयां ने उमरां लंघाणीयांyaadan naal aukhiyan ne umran langhaaniyanIt is a hard thing, passing whole lifetimes on memory alone.
॥ओह्नां वेलियां दे बोझ नूं उठावां वेohnan veliyan de bojh nu uthaavan veI go on carrying the weight of those days.
॥बड़ा पछताईए सज्जणाbada pachhtaaiye sajjnaAnd the regret runs deep, beloved.
5रब्ब मिहरबान हो के करे करामात जेrabb mihrbaan ho ke kare karaamaat jeIf only God turned merciful and worked one miracle —
5ओही सुहणे वेलियां 'ना हो 'जे मुलाक़ात जेohi suhne veliyan naa ho je mulaaqaat jeif we could be granted one meeting with those same beautiful days —
5एस ज़िंदगी तों चोरी कुच्छ साहवां वेes zindagi ton chori kuchh saahvan vea few breaths stolen back out of this life,
5ख़ुद लई चुराईए सज्जणाkhud laee churaaiye sajjnalet us steal them for our own selves, beloved.
✦समझेगा शायद एस प्यार दे रिवाज नूंsamjhega shaayad es pyaar de rivaaj nuPerhaps he, at least, will understand what the custom of this love really is.
✦दस्सो कोई हाल जा के साडे सरताज नूंdasso koi haal ja ke saade Sartaaj nuSomeone go — tell our Sartaaj the state I am in.
✦आह मोहब्बतां दे वास्ते मैं पावां वेaah mohabbatan de vaaste main paavan veThis cry I raise for the sake of all loves —
✦ओही गीत गाईए सज्जणाohi geet gaaiye sajjnathat very song — let us sing it, beloved.

the shape of it

Every movement ends on a question thrown at someone who is not there — which way, whom shall I call, who will listen, how do I win them back, whom do I blame. The last movement stops asking. It says: sing the song again.

✦

ओही गीत गाईए सज्जणा
that very song — let us sing it, beloved